Measures parenting styles
Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ)
What kinds of attitudes and behaviors do caregivers display?
The Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) is a 30-question measure of parenting styles or approaches to caregiving by any caregiver. The questions measure three variables including authoritative style, authoritarian style, and permissive style. This survey can be used to explore relationships between different parenting styles and variables like mental health, conformity, and self regulation. Past research suggests that students who reported their caregivers using more of an authoritative style also reported having better grades in school (Turner et al., 2009).
Resources: - Buri, J. R. (1991). Parental authority questionnaire. Journal of personality assessment, 57(1), 110-119.
- Turner, E. A., Chandler, M., & Heffer, R. W. (2009). The influence of parenting styles, achievement motivation, and self-efficacy on academic performance in college students. Journal of college student development, 50(3), 337-346.
Parameters
- Language
- Allow participant to choose a caregiver – locks or unlocks the dropdown that allows a participant to freely choose a caregiver.
- Caregiver options – for participants to choose a specific caregiver from a dropdown menu. If participants are not allowed to choose, the first option will be the default.
Disclaimer
Any languages that are currently offered besides English for this survey are not necessarily validated translations. This survey was translated using Google Translate and verified by members of the community.
What data is collected? How is it scored?
The following variables are recorded:
- PAQ_Authoritative: Higher scores mean the participant's caregiver uses clear and firm direction and that any discipline is balanced by warmth, reason, flexibility, and verbal give-and-take.
- PAQ_Authoritarian: Higher scores mean the participant's caregiver is relatively controlling and uses more severe discipline.
- PAQ_Permissive: Higher scores mean the participant's caregiver is relatively uncontrolling and uses a minimum amount of discipline.
Raw data: 30 questions broken into 3 variables (authoritative style, authoritarian style, and permissive style). Each variable's score ranges from 10-50.
Calculation:
Subscores are determined by adding up the scores of the questions in each variable. The Likert scale ranges from 1 ("strongly disagree") to 5 ("strongly agree") and each variable is made up of 10 questions, so the sums of the scores will range from 10-50.
- PAQ_Authoritative: Sum of questions 4, 5, 8, 11, 15, 20, 22, 23, 27, 30
- PAQ_Authoritarian: Sum of questions 2, 3, 7, 9, 12, 16, 18, 25, 26, 29
- PAQ_Permissive: Sum of questions 1, 6, 10, 13, 14, 17, 19, 21, 24, 28
Background
In this survey, you are asked to rate the attitudes and behaviors of your parents or other caregivers.
Parameters
The following features of this survey can be tweaked:
* Default values are shown (can clone survey and modify these)
The tasks's language
english
If true, it blocks the dropdown where participants are able to choose a caregiver and defaults to the first option.
true
The options for a caregiver. If N/A is included within the options and participants select it, they may be able to submit an empty survey.
Mother, Father, Sibling, Grandmother, Grandfather, Aunt/Uncle, Legal Guardian, Other
What participants see before taking the survey
In this survey, you are asked to rate the attitudes and behaviors of your parents or other caregivers.
What participants see after taking the survey
This survey can be used to explore relationships between different parenting styles and variables like mental health, conformity, and self regulation. Past research suggests that students who reported their parents using more of an authoritative style also reported having better grades in school (Turner et al., 2009).
Mobile compatible
Aggregate Variables
These data are automatically written to a csv file upon completion of the survey
more info
- PAQ_Authoritative
- PAQ_Authoritarian
- PAQ_Permissive
Scoring
Subscores are determined by adding up the scores of the questions in each variable. The Likert scale ranges from 1 ("strongly disagree") to 5 ("strongly agree") and each variable is made up of 10 questions, so the sums of the scores will range from 10-50.
Format
This is a Likert scale survey.
Duration
5-10 mins
Resources
- Buri, J. R. (1991). Parental authority questionnaire. Journal of personality assessment, 57(1), 110-119.
- Turner, E. A., Chandler, M., & Heffer, R. W. (2009). The influence of parenting styles, achievement motivation, and self-efficacy on academic performance in college students. Journal of college student development, 50(3), 337-346.