What languages do people speak?

These questions are adapted from the Language and Social Background Questionnaire. The questions measure how many languages people speak, what those languages are, how much time they spend speaking those languages, and whether they engage in language switching. This survey can be used to explore relationships between different aspects of language use and variables like social support, short-term/working memory, or beliefs about multilingualism. Past research suggests that people who reported being bilingual perform better on working memory tasks than those who reported being monolingual (Grundy & Timmer, 2017).

Resources:

• Anderson, J. A., Mak, L., Keyvani Chahi, A., & Bialystok, E. (2018). The language and social background questionnaire: Assessing degree of bilingualism in a diverse population. Behavior research methods, 50, 250-263.
• Grundy, J. G., & Timmer, K. (2017). Bilingualism and working memory capacity: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Second Language Research, 33(3), 325-340.

Parameters

• This survey cannot be tweaked.

Disclaimer
The following languages that are currently offered for this survey are not validated translations. This survey was translated using Google Translate and verified by members of the community.
What data is collected? How is it scored?
The following variables are recorded:

• LB_total_languages: Higher scores mean participants speak more languages.
• LB_language_1: Will show which language the participants chose as their first language.
• LB_language_1_percentage_use: Higher scores mean participants spend more of their typical day speaking this language.
• Note that the previous two variables will be added for each language a participant reports. For example if a participant speaks three languages, they will also have: LB_language_2, LB_language_2_percentage_use, LB_language_3, LB_language_3_percentage_use.
• LB_language_switching_family: Higher scores mean participants are engaging in more language switching with their families.
• LB_language_switching_friends: Higher scores mean participants are engaging in more language switching with their friends.
• LB_language_switching_social_media: Higher scores mean participants are engaging in more language switching on social media.

Raw data: 6-14 questions (see variable explanation above).

Calculation:
Scores are determined by the response to each question. The total languages question ranges from 1 to 5 languages. The language question has participants choose a language from a large list. The percentage use question has participants use a sliding scale from 0 to 100 to indicate how much of their day they use that language. The language switching questions are Likert scales that range from Never (0) to Always (4).

• LB_total_languages: Response to question 1
• LB_language_1: Response to question 2
• LB_language_1_percentage_use: Response to question 3
• Note that the previous two variables will be added for each language a participant reports, so there might be more questions. For example if a participant speaks three languages, they will also have: LB_language_2, LB_language_2_percentage_use, LB_language_3, LB_language_3_percentage_use.
• LB_language_switching_family: Response to question 4
• LB_language_switching_friends: Response to question 5
• LB_language_switching_social_media: Response to question 6